How is hair evidence typically analyzed in forensic science?

Hair evidence is typically analyzed through microscopic comparison and DNA analysis. This approach allows forensic scientists to assess the morphological characteristics of the hair, such as the thickness, pigmentation, and scale patterns, which can provide valuable information about the hair's origin. Microscopic comparison can help determine if a hair sample is consistent with those from a particular individual or species, making it useful in linking a suspect to a crime scene.

Additionally, DNA analysis can be conducted if there is sufficient nuclear DNA present in the hair follicle. This method is highly sensitive and specific, allowing for the identification of individuals based on their unique genetic profiles. In cases where only the hair shaft is available (which contains mostly mitochondrial DNA), this analysis can still provide important familial information, potentially connecting individuals across generations.

The combination of microscopic examination and DNA analysis provides a robust framework for analyzing hair evidence in forensic investigations, making it a comprehensive approach that accommodates different types of hair samples and conditions.