What does the term “ballistics” refer to in forensic science?

Ballistics in forensic science specifically refers to the study of the dynamics of bullets and firearms. This encompasses the examination of how bullets are propelled from firearms, their trajectory, and the impact they have upon striking various surfaces. The field of ballistics can be further divided into several categories, including internal ballistics, which deals with the processes within the firearm as the bullet is fired; external ballistics, which focuses on the bullet's flight path and behavior in the air; and terminal ballistics, which examines the effects and damage of the bullet upon hitting a target.

Understanding ballistics is crucial in forensic investigations as it allows experts to analyze crime scenes involving firearms to determine factors such as the type of weapon used, shooting distance, and the trajectory of the bullet. This information can significantly aid in reconstructing events during a crime and establishing evidence in court. Other options provided refer to different fields within forensic science; however, they do not encompass the specific study of bullets and firearms dynamics that defines ballistics.