What technique is employed to analyze trace evidence like hair or fibers?

The technique that is most effectively used to analyze trace evidence such as hair or fibers is microscopy and spectroscopy. Microscopy allows forensic scientists to examine the physical characteristics of trace evidence at a very small scale, enabling them to observe structure, color, and any unique features that may help in identifying the source of the hair or fiber. Different types of microscopy, such as polarized light microscopy, can provide details about the composition and characteristics of the sample.

Spectroscopy complements microscopy by analyzing how materials absorb or emit light, which helps in identifying chemical composition. Techniques like infrared spectroscopy can reveal the molecular structure of fibers, making it possible to distinguish between natural and synthetic materials. The combination of these two methods provides a powerful approach to trace evidence analysis, empowering forensic scientists to gather crucial information for investigations. This is why microscopy and spectroscopy are considered the primary techniques for analyzing such evidence.