Which analysis evaluates the chemical composition of bodily fluids?

The correct answer is toxicological analysis, as it specifically focuses on the detection and quantification of chemicals, particularly drugs, toxins, and other substances in bodily fluids. This type of analysis is essential in forensic science to determine if a person was under the influence of drugs or exposed to harmful substances at the time of an incident.

Toxicological analysis evaluates the chemical composition by identifying the presence of various compounds in samples such as blood, urine, or saliva. This information is crucial in criminal investigations, traffic accident analysis, and determining cause of death in autopsies. Understanding the levels and types of substances present can provide insights into a person's behavior, health status, or possible exposure to harmful agents.

Other analyses, while related, have different focuses. Serological analysis typically deals with the detection of antibodies and antigens in blood to identify infections or blood types rather than a broader chemical composition. Bodily fluids analysis is a more general term that may not specifically address the chemical substances of interest. Pathological analysis tends to focus on tissues and disease processes rather than the chemical composition of fluids. Therefore, toxicological analysis is the most appropriate choice for evaluating the chemical composition of bodily fluids in a forensic context.